dna extraction by ctab method ppt

About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . A total of 30 samples of five algal genus were used in this study. (ii) Add 25 ml CTAB buffer and transfer to 50 ml tube. Slowly pipette out and retain supernatant avoid interface material and lower phase. These impurities can also interfere with downstream applications, including PCR and NGS.10. How to Extract DNA From Plant Leaves & Seeds | ZYMO RESEARCH cold isopropanol. Autoclave all the utilities prior to use including solutions. Click here to review the details. Salting-out method. << /Length 1 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Government Pharmacy College Sajong, Government of Sikkim, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Endosperm culture and somatic embryogenesis, Biotechnology experiments 2nd semester (LNMU Darbhanga), Genomic Dna Isolation From Blood, Bacteria and Plasmid DNA Isolation, Lectut btn-202-ppt-l16. t>V nk+ex!J};0R6B7wRR: %]?i=UXW0l4uRvREu?*js\2cWa>#T|n}%VV?WyuT"8}r6a}s8mP*bL {iWMs(U /M_]{VGZ"\+ However, the use of a CTAB buffer will surely help in the majority of cases. Separation is also successful when the tissue contains high amounts of polysaccharides. The final precipitate would be eluted and dissolved in the TE buffer. choosing a selection results in a full page refresh. Effect of geographic isolation on genetic variation and population Magnetic bead-based DNA extraction: 8. Do you know the CTAB can also be used in the SDS-PAGE? Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Plant samples (leaf, callus etc.) purpose, the aqueous solution is first treated absolute ethanol or isopropanol. . The method needs to be modified for use on Gram-positives or yeast etc, by adding on extra lysis treatments at the front end of the protocol. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. First report of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma australasia' related strain Urea is yet another excellent lysis agent that can be used along and alone in DNA extraction. 10 Different Types of DNA Extraction Methods (Updated), 7 Ways to Determine Genotypes Using Gel Electrophoresis, DNA Extraction From Dried Blood Spot Samples: Protocol + Comprehensive Guide, Metagenomics Made Easy: Streamlining DNA Extraction With Bead Beating, A Guide To Next-Generation Shotgun Sequencing In Metagenomics: Technique, Advantages and Challenges. Reagents 1. And the soft membrane of the animal cells cant bear it. The procedure for fixing the aptamer onto these transducers and for monitoring the interaction with the target protein is shown here. 2- Digestion . The DNA is purified by incubating the nucleic acid solution with RNase A (10mg/ml) at 37C and reprecipitation following phenol: chloroform extraction to remove the RNase. Now wash the DNA pellet with alcohol two times at 9000 rpm for 2 minutes. compounds and other contaminants remain in the supernatant and can be washed away. In a high salt (NaCl) concentration, the detergent forms an The nucleic acid is separated and precipitated using alcohol followed by a few rounds of washing with 70% ethanol. Purvi Jain - Perfumer - Sawai Fragrances | LinkedIn KIT METHOD OF DNA EXTRACTION. addition of glycine and/or ampicillin to weaken cells. Application of cell and molecular biology techniques, Gene Targeting in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans With Zinc-Finger Nucleases, Mapping chromatin structure in vivo using DNA methyltransferases, Single-molecule and population probing of chromatin structure using DNA methyltransferases, Rapid Detection of Adenovirus from Fecal Specimens, Use of DNA Fingerprinting to Detect Genetic Rearrangements in Human Cancer, Delivery of DNA Vaccines Using Electroporation, In planta expression of oomycete and fungal genes. Various chemical constituents of DNA extraction buffer allow effective isolation. p|`ylk/?|+.NB/;3a"a~w Y"nX#%C %Ss`2*;2%R=aX&~-o%LZax [C? ?MlB`>8O`-51H>tr$Tt=eyP Le|\! Method: In the present study, CTAB protocol given by Doyle and Doyle (1990) was modified and used for the isolation of genomic DNA from five medicinal plants. DNA extraction - Wikipedia DNA extraction is relatively easy from citrus woody than non-citrus plants. Take necessary precautions before. And eventually helps plants to stand straight. I will also explain variations and concentrations of different CTAB buffers that you can try and use. Removal of contaminants and other cell debris- by chemical treatment using SDS, CTAB, PVP, beta-mercaptoethanol and Triton X 100, etc. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Various chemical constituents of DNA extraction buffer allow effective isolation. Tissue grinding can vary between samples, leading to significant variation in extraction efficiencies and quality of DNA. For teachers that have done DNA extraction from strawberry or thymus, fewer cells collected in this experiment. 10 Secret Tips for DNA Extraction to Get Good Results. For this purpose, the homogenized sample is first treated with the Once the nucleic acid complex has been Wash the resultant DNA pellet with cold alcohol again and centrifuge for retrieval of the pellet. insoluble complex with the polysaccharides. A modified protocol for rapid DNA isolation from plant tissues using We've updated our privacy policy. The precipitate is pelleted by centrifugation and washed with 70% ethanol to remove salts introduced during extraction. 6- Dilute . DNAITPCRDNA DNA Extraction from Insects by Using Different Techniques: A Review Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Dna fingerprinting matreilas & methods of chilli, Dna extraction from fresh or frozen tissues, Human biosafety issues of nanomaterials used as nanomedicine, Introduction, pathophysiology and treatment options for covid 19, Inhibition of Gene Expression at RNA Level. 6R(D$2(>1bD44b9!nGH-NCgVw IIOCebfcDKpC]rY8& "7 k@- PDF CTAB (Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) PLANT DNA EXTRACTION From Janice Spin at top speed in microfuge (cold if possible) 10 min, drain off ethanol, retain pellet. Precipitation Part I: phenol/chloroform extraction to get rid of proteins. The Beauty of Science is to Make Things Simple, How to Choose a DNA and RNA Purification Kit, Picka DNA or RNA Purification Kit That Meets Your Needs, DNA Methylation Profiling and evolutionary history of modern man, How to get quality DNA for ChIP Sequencing. What is the Role of Alcohol in DNA extraction? Notes from Kazakh Khanate till Political Dynamics + reading answers, Solutions - 6th Edition Computer and Networking, Stock Watson 3U Exercise Solutions Chapter 5 Instructors, A sample of letter of enumerator addressed to your employer, The Love Hypothesis Chapter 16 Adams POV by Ali Hazelwood (z-lib, Business Statistics and Mathematics Solved Past Papers, B.com Part 1 Punjab University 2009-2018, Siki soku 104 - dg sdg sdg fdg dsf sdg sdg sdg fdg dsf sdg sdg sdg fdg dsf sdg sdg sdg fdg dsf. Solid-liquid phase DNA extraction: 10 Different DNA extraction methods: 1. The mantra to success in plant DNA extraction is to grind tissue well, hard, and rough until fine homogenization. edu/Mstats/. Wash cell pellet in TE (resuspend then pellet again) before lysis if nuclease activity is a problem. In the CTAB procedure, the first step is breaking down the tissue, and it involves freezing your plant sample using liquid nitrogen. Its better to leave a trace of ethanol and water in the pellet (and have it dissolve easily), than to remove all moisture, and then have great difficulty dissolving the pellet. May need to be heated to 50C to dissolve. See how we can help you extract high-quality plant DNA, in less time. NaCl. 0000000893 00000 n The DNA extraction methods used were Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and Commercial Kit (Geneaid; Genomic DNA Mini Kit Tissue), with variations in the number of nematodes: 1, 5, 10, 15 and . homogenate to sterile Eppendorf tube. different method, providing an overview before delving deeper into the procedure in a step-by-step approach. Furthermore, our protocol has been optimized to work with a wide range of plant species and sample types, enabling novel and rapid advancements in modern plant genomics. Incubate 1 hr at 37C. Techniques covered include genomic DNA extraction using cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and chloroform extraction, chromatographic techniques, ELISA, hybridization, gel electrophoresis, dot blot analysis and methods for studying CTAB BUFFER 500 ml-1 140mM Sorbitol 12.8 g 220mM Tris, pH 8 55 ml of 2M 22mM EDTA 22 ml of 0.5M 800mM NaCl 80 ml of 5M 1% Sarkosyl 5 g 0.8% CTAB 4 g Combine, check pH = 8, autoclave. The procedure can also be easily scaled up tenfold to accommodate 50 ml broths. A micro-level optimization is required to use it for our use. I already have explained the different types of polysaccharides and polyphenols present in plants and required chemical modifications accordingly. 4- DNA . Muhammad I, Zhang T, Wang Y, et al. 7 Different DNA Extraction Methods - PraxiLabs Opeyemi Olu' Ogedengbe - Quality Control Officer - Harvestfield *n1cFPw Precipitation. DNA extraction - Welcome! Science Learning Hub The method needs to be modified for use on Gram-positives or yeast etc, by adding on extra lysis treatments at the 'front end' of the protocol. JuMRUN.)oMf91 E@4E+t5mAc5fJHI3?K#Sk[~Php#3D t jhPd|c|4bHVOQE%M%Zh**W0o-B 0ZN&1 Cell lysis is aided with a CTAB buffer, which also stops secondary metabolites from obstructing DNA extraction. The hazard with traditional CTAB protocols is the protein component of plant lysates is usually removed using phenol and chloroform. Garfinkel AR, Otten M, Crawford S. SNP in Potentially Defunct Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid Synthase Is a Marker for Cannabigerolic Acid Dominance in Cannabis sativa L. Doyle J, Doyle J. The Chemistry Behind Plant DNA Isolation Protocols | IntechOpen Take 100 mg tissue, homogenate We describe a modification of the DNA extraction method, in which cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is used to extract nucleic acids from plant tissues. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. But plant tissues pose several challenges for even the most tried-and-true DNA extraction protocols. Common steps in plant DNA extraction are. CTAB Protocol for Isolating DNA From Plant Tissues, the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method, various modifications for different plant species, development and optimization of a one size fits all CTAB protocol difficult. It was adapted from Winnepenninckx B. et al., 1993, TIG: 9 (12), 407 (Technical Tips). Nederlnsk - Frysk (Visser W.), Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers (Douglas C. Montgomery; George C. Runger), How to extract plant DNA using CTAB method, 7 Chap 11 (Bioenergetic) F.Sc 1st Year Biology Helping Notes, L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Constitutional law of Ghana and its history (FLAW306), Probability and statistics for engineers (MKT3802), Business Communication & Interpersonal Skills (MCM 509), Avar Kamps,Makine Mhendislii (46000), Power distribution and utilization (EE-312), Chapter 03 - The Time Value of Money (Part 1), SMA 2231 Probability and Statistics III course outline. Nonpolar molecules migrate into the organic phase and leave behind DNA and other polar molecules in the aqueous phase. 0000001112 00000 n 4UYG$(. A Rapid DNA Isolation Procedure for Small Quantities of Fresh Leaf Tissue. For the extraction and purification of DNA from leaves and seeds, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is the "go-to" procedure. The beta-mercaptoethanol remains in the supportive role, but effectively blocks the oxidation of tannin, thereby disallowing interaction with DNA. aqueous solution with chloroform. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. The structure is explained in the figure below. DNA EXTRACTION: DNA Extraction - Cells are resuspended in 0.8 mL of pre-warmed (60C) CTAB extraction buffer CTAB buffer 2% CTAB (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) 100 mM TrisHCl [pH=8] 20 mM EDTA, 0.2% -mercaptoethanol [added just before use] 1.4 M NaCl 0.1 mg/mL proteinase K [added just before use]) MilliQ or Nanopure) and filter sterilize (push solution Afterward, the homogenized sample would be incubated with lysis buffer and protease enzyme for effective lysis of the cell wall. However, other homogenization such as rotor-stator homogenizer or bead mills can be suitable. CTAB Method DNA extraction - Molecular Biology BCH- Isolation of plant genomic DNA by modified CTAB - Studocu How to extract plant DNA using CTAB method molecular biology isolation of plant genomic dna modified ctab method principle: the extraction of genomic dna from Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. Fast ID contains powerful denaturants and DNA-selective CTAB Protocol for the Isolation of DNA from Plant Tissues DNA must be purified from cellular material in a manner that prevents degradation. DNA extraction is the process of isolating DNA from the cells of an organism isolated from a sample, typically a biological sample such as blood, saliva, or tissue . DNA, RNA, and Protein Extraction: The Past and The Present - Hindawi We describe a modification of the DNA extraction method, in which cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is used to extract nucleic acids from plant tissues. The proteinase K step is additional (you can use it if necessary). zWf5 rGG]]no|/ PPTX PowerPoint Presentation UNIVERSITY OF GUJRAT SIALKOT SUBCAMPUS. 0000002963 00000 n Elution buffer (EB) is just Tris-HCl, which gives the DNA some protection due to its pH buffering. QLnoSc3 TuAWbAJ7$ (5hiHFn%wCEJ}=PbcSB#hN(YYXl69Dr ]\79/SiSM J,QOY5#^A@r|)(' g@9_d[v9|L.Th*9I5D(Y A modified protocol for rapid DNA isolation from plant tissues using DNA extractions using a traditional CTAB-based method with (A) no PVP, (B) 1% PVP and (C) 4% PVP. method, providing an overview before delving deeper into the procedure in a step-by-step approach. Conclusively, PVP and beta-mercaptoethanol must be there in the plant DNA extraction buffer with the CTAB. 2023 Zymo Research Corporation. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Access Free The Cell A Molecular Approach Geoffrey M Cooper - ahecdata.utah Nguyen Quoc Trung. extraction and purification of DNA from plants and plant derived foodstuff and is particularly PDF Plant Genomic DNA Extraction by CTAB 2 Fiona - University of Queensland 4. To make things even more effective use RNase as well in combination with proteinase K. Proteinase K and RNase are commercially available. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. INSTRUCTION: For example, some plants need only simple grinding in mortar and pestle, while some need liquid nitrogen. Contrary, animal cells dont have turgor pressure, as it is not actually required. Grind the tissue in a mortar and pestle and add Urea buffer (which contains Urea, Tris, EDTA and NaCl). They work in a similar fashion, apart from CTAB being a cationic detergent while SDS is anionic. 10% w/v CTAB (Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide), Autoclaved. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/8.19.4321. The Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Precipitation: In this final stage, the nucleic acid is precipitated from the solution. DNA Extraction and Purification - labome.com Carbohydrate, isolation and purification techniques. XeQ It was created in the 1980s, and since then, several adjustments have been made for usage with . Lysis: Tissue grinder and use detergent. Besides, the turgor pressure is another factor that we have to look after. Pre-prepare a CTAB solution (10%) by heating and store it at 37C temperature. Plenty of proven DNA extraction chemicals are available, you can choose according to your need. I .g$!=n]BQ|nTr|0T5t4@XIR$fwyVIszC9Er(ze*RzoI$M%8FM=Mi fR{X[:[F R=XFBdvk>*H7&NIP'B.4GsXUS6j'^p2+#hY[xBYUJuk (L)4/vB`])tS2\YI!MSCKVN",NAN}/DKHFR PDF Download Free Modern Biology Section 17 Section Pdf of Red Blood Cells, RBC. MATERIALS: Use 70% ethanol to wash DNA pellet. METHODS OF DNA EXTRACTION 1. ), and the procedures can be done in microfuge rather than big centrifuge (faster!). Extracted DNA of rose flowers using Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) with three different solvents to study the method that gives maximum yields of DNA. The DNA is insoluble in the alcohol and will come out of solution, and the alcohol serves as a wash to remove the salt previously added. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. The Fast ID Genomic DNA Extraction Kit is designed for whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, and the Fast ID Ultra DNA Extraction Kit (Catalog No. This protocol can be used on most gram-negative bacteria to obtain high-quality genomic DNA, which is both pure and very high molecular weight. CTAB Method Abbreviated: Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide Function: CTAB buffer is used to lyse plant cells in the same way SDS is used to lyse bacterial cells. The lysis of the membranes is accomplished by the detergent Plant DNA extraction using CTAB is simple and effective. We use this method for extracting genome sequencing quality (i.e. To achieve more consistent tissue disruption across samples, you can also use a blender, though this step is still low throughput and time consuming. Centrifuge the sample at 10,000rpm for 2 minutes and take supernatant to another tube. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Managerial Accounting (Ray Garrison; Eric Noreen; Peter C. Brewer), Principles of Marketing (Philip Kotler; Gary Armstrong; Valerie Trifts; Peggy H. Cunningham), The Importance of Being Earnest (Oscar Wilde), English (Robert Rueda; Tina Saldivar; Lynne Shapiro; Shane Templeton; Houghton Mifflin Company Staff), Mechanics of Materials (Russell C. Hibbeler; S. C. Fan), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), Marketing-Management: Mrkte, Marktinformationen und Marktbearbeit (Matthias Sander), Handboek Caribisch Staatsrecht (Arie Bernardus Rijn), Junqueira's Basic Histology (Anthony L. Mescher), Big Data, Data Mining, and Machine Learning (Jared Dean), Frysk Wurdboek: Hnwurdboek Fan'E Fryske Taal ; Mei Dryn Opnommen List Fan Fryske Plaknammen List Fan Fryske Gemeentenammen. EXTRACTION (i) Grind 2 to 5 g of frozen leaves to a very fine powder using N2 cooled mortar and pestle. Extraction of high-quality genomic DNA from different plant orders applying a modified CTAB-based method. The method is fast,. Angeles JGC, Laurena AC, Tecson-Mendoza EM. You have to modify the protocol and preparation as per your need. You choose the most appropriate method ! Results from six grams of leaf tissue finely ground using a mortar and pestle, then aliquoted (1 g) for each extraction. Note: If the DNA does not clump together, students can draw up the solution with a pasteur pipette or an eye dropper. Besides its role in DNA extraction, CTAB is used as an antiseptic (against bacteria and fungus), detergent and ingredient of cosmetics. uc(j%e\k&5|[CY 2.8. polysaccharides in a high-salt environment. The Evolution of DNA Extraction Methods - Biomedgrid Tap here to review the details. If DNA precipitates are not observed after the addition of the chilled alcohol, then place the tube at -20C for 15 to 20 minutes and re-precipitate it. Dr Tushar Chauhan is a Scientist, Scientific-writer and co-founder of Genetic Education. DNA extraction by CsCl density gradient centrifugation: 3. Follow this protocol on how to use PCI: Phenol, chloroform and isoamyl alcohol DNA extraction. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. Modification of CTAB protocol for maize. We've updated our privacy policy. Molecular genetic techniques are an effective monitoring tool, but high-quality DNA samples are usually required. Discard pellet and take supernatant in another tube, Wash the sample with the alcohol (minimum 2 wash). Take a sample in the Eppendorf tube and centrifuge it at 12,000rpm for 2 minutes. Kamber T, Malpica-Lpez N, Messmer MM, et al. The positively charged sodium ions in the salt help protect the negatively charged phosphate groups that run along the backbone of the DNA. A fragment analyzer Qsep100, that uses a capillary gel electrophoresis system, allowed . The CTAB method is biochemically simple, easy to learn, and relatively cheap to perform. Magnesium is a cofactor for DNase. PowerPoint: Audio and Video Product Design: From Sketch to CAD . 0000002720 00000 n Handbook of Molecular and Cellular Methods in Biology and Medicine, Third Edition, Techniques in Molecular Systematics and Evolution, Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), Microsatellites for ecologists: non-radioactive isolation and amplification protocols for microsatellite markers, Molecular genetic analysis of recruitment and dispersal in the intertidal procelain crab, Petrolisthes cintipes, Analyzing Gene Expression from Marine Microbial Communities using Environmental Transcriptomics, Biosensors for RNA AptamersProtein Interaction, Construction of plant bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries: an illustrated guide, 11 Deep-sea Thermococcales and their Genetic Elements: Plasmids and Viruses, Methods in Molecular Biology TM Methods in Molecular Biology TM PCR Protocols SECOND EDITION Edited by PCR Protocols SECOND EDITION Edited by. The extracted algal DNAs obtained from SDS, CTAB, and DTAB methods were suitable for PCR amplification of 18S rDNA region. additional purification, or wash, of the nucleic acid from the remaining salt. Conclusion: Heat may be used to extract DNA from K . J w9K|F>.-c#0G{3F)2jSV7\snE>rl gCe:"6zkO( 1980; 8(19); 43214325. Stabilizing and precipitating DNA- by chemical treatment using NaCl and alcohol. One in, one out: Generic circumscription within subtribe Manilkarinae 1.05K subscribers The CTAB method yields high quality plant genomic DNA that can be used for virtually any application including genotyping and Illumina sequencing. Phenol, chloroform and isoamyl alcohol DNA extraction. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. Mix gently to precipitate the nucleic acid. (C++) the answers of assignment ( c++, 2nd edition), Cmo activar Office 2019 gratis y sin programas, Assignment 1. In contrast to the original method, the . Use PCI (phenol: chloroform: isoamyl alcohol) in combination with the CTAB buffer. Edwards et al. Despite the existence of a huge collection of Thermococcales strains, very few plasmidic elements are reported so far in the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeotes. www.HelpWriting.net This service will write as best as they can. Extraction of genomic DNA from the lipid-, polysaccharide-, and polyphenol-rich coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). A lysozyme incubation can be added if cells dont lyse well with CTAB alone. )Z$m|h_8"dOtv#P%w;:K&z]x.A`5.AZ%q9;eU! Performed Steam Distillation, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry and Fractional Distillation to extract rose oil and its essential components. Leaf samples of two diseased and two asymptomatic plants were collected, and DNA was extracted using a modified CTAB DNA extraction method (Murray & Thomson, 1980). Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. Phenol is toxic and corrosive to skin and eyes. other metals binds magnesium. Plant cell walls are very difficult to break down and the cells contain many compounds that impede extraction and inhibit downstream molecular biology applications. Plant DNA Extraction using CTAB Buffer - Genetic Education Centrifuge the precipitate for 10,000rpm for 2 minutes and collect the pellet (remove the supernatant). 1- Lysis . The use of Urea is the easy and safest way to extract DNA from plants and sufficient enough for routine PCR and restriction digestion but not enough for sequencing or microarray analysis. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'geneticeducation_co_in-leader-1','ezslot_23',145,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-geneticeducation_co_in-leader-1-0'); Homogenization is a process to prepare a homogeneous mixture of plant tissue using tissue homogenization techniques like physical grinding using a Mortar and pestle. Add the beta-mercaptoethanol just before the use. However, TE can interfere with subsequent enzyme reactions (EB wont). PDF Genomic DNA Extraction Kit 8 .3 - Europa Spin-column DNA extraction: 7. Tannin is actually the main culprit. It is a major constituent of polyphenolic compounds and is almost present in all plants. apart, the purification of DNA is performed. -mercaptoethanol). CTAB Protocol For Isolating DNA From Plants: OHM Extraction of DNA, RNA, and protein is the basic method used in molecular biology. Aboul-Maaty NAF, Oraby HAS. The structure and concentration of these compounds can also vary substantially between different plant species, making the development and optimization of a one size fits all CTAB protocol difficult.8,9 In addition, phenol and other salts introduced throughout your CTAB protocol can remain, even after extensive ethanol washes. Under these conditions, proteins, phenolic Do not autoclave alcohol and phenol. For this JP`N @$;(O2@%/n&73PLK`K!:x &P1N{Yrp}r>\XpY3_,(\! xref Chloroform: Mixture of chloroform and isoamyl alcohol (24:1 ratio) equilibrated with a layer of TE buffer (pH 8) on top. The aqueous phase is collected, and the recovered DNA is precipitated out with isopropanol. Murray MG and Thompson WF. Now let us come to our major player- CTAB.